Sheet piles are both a form of retaining wall and the thin slabs used to build the wall. These sheet piles are usually made of metal, but can also be vinyl or wood. Sheet piles are driven into the ground and locked together to create a tight physical barrier that stops water, insects and plant growth. This type of retaining wall is common in areas of loose sand and soil because they are relatively easy to place and maintain. Small walls are generally two parts below ground and one above, but larger walls may have a larger area below ground or additional supports.

Sheet metal can be used to form sheet piles. The materials used for sheet piles vary depending on the purpose of the wall. The most common and versatile material is metal, sheet metal and sheet metal have particular hazards in the manufacturing environment, but this sheet metal is often used to make more environmentally friendly sheet metal, such as impact and moisture.

There are a variety of common sheet pile shapes. Many basic styles have alternating high and low planes, connected by sloping sides; much like the corrugation inside cardboard. This shape both increases the structural stability of the metal and makes it easier to stack for storage or transport. With this design, there is usually a slit in the middle of the high or low plane. These cracks are what make sheet piles so effective. The edge of each piece is specially designed to connect with the edge of the next piece. This allows the walls to be of any size or shape, and to follow the contours of the land. By being in open spaces, rather than at corners or intersections, pieces of different designs can come together to form larger walls.

Sheet pile retaining walls are used in many different types of construction and in some areas they are placed a small distance away from the foundation of the building. This helps prevent water from reaching the real foundation of the building. Nonetheless, they are most commonly used as retaining walls in loose terrain. Because the walls are so thin, it's easy to push them into loose ground, and their interlocking plates allow them to work around underground obstructions, such as rocks or utility lines.

To maintain stability and maintain shape, sheet piles require twice as much space underground as above ground. In particularly loose areas, or where the walls are larger, other measures are sometimes taken. Diagonal bracing is the simplest method of additional support and is placed on the lower side of the wall. Alternatively, anchor cables are sometimes attached to the wall on, diagonally upward through the retaining material and anchored to the surface.

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